Attainment Statistics - December 2025
Official Statistics
Contents
- Attainment statistical summary
- Qualifications included
- Headline figures
- Entries in graded National Qualifications
- Attainment in graded National Qualifications
- Scottish Baccalaureate
- Ungraded National Courses
- Skills for Work
- Awards, National Certificates and National Progression Awards
- Background information
- Feedback
Attainment statistical summary
This document is a summary of entries and attainment following the completion of appeals and other post certification procedures at a particular point in time (23 October 2025).
In this release, entry figures for 2025 are presented with reference to the previous year (2024). Attainment figures for 2025 are generally presented with reference to the previous year (2024) and to 2019 (the most recent year prior to the COVID-19 pandemic). The different awarding arrangements in place between 2020 and 2024 mean that it is not possible to compare attainment across these years without full consideration of this contextual information. This is outlined in the background information section and more details are available on the background information webpage.
Qualifications included
The types of qualification covered in this release are described in Table 1.
The Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework (SCQF) has 12 levels which, in ascending order (SCQF levels 1–12), indicate the level of difficulty of a particular qualification. The SCQF allows for broad comparisons to be made between qualifications to allow candidates, employers and the public to understand the range of skills and learning that should be achieved at each level. More information can be found on the SCQF website.
| Qualification | Description |
|---|---|
| National 5 courses (SCQF level 5) |
National 5 courses are notionally based on 160 hours of directed learning and 80 hours of self-directed learning and equate to 24 SCQF credit points. |
| Higher courses (SCQF level 6) |
Higher courses are notionally based on 160 hours of directed learning and 80 hours of self-directed learning and equate to 24 SCQF credit points. |
| Advanced Higher courses (SCQF level 7) |
Advanced Higher courses are notionally based on 160 hours of directed learning and 160 hours of self-directed learning and equate to 32 SCQF credit points. |
| Scottish Baccalaureate (SCQF level 7) |
The Scottish Baccalaureate is available in four subject areas (Science, Languages, Social Sciences and Expressive Arts) and consists of a coherent group of Higher and Advanced Higher qualifications, and an Interdisciplinary Project. The Scottish Baccalaureate is notionally based on 1040 hours of learning and equates to 104 SCQF Credit Points at SCQF level 7. |
| National 2 (SCQF level 2) |
National 2 courses were introduced in 2014 and courses require the attainment of a number of SQA quality assured internally assessed units in a particular subject, and is notionally based on 180 hours of learning and equate to 18 SCQF credit points. |
| National 3 (SCQF level 3) |
National 3 courses were introduced in 2014 and courses require the attainment of a number of SQA quality assured internally assessed units in a particular subject and is notionally based on 180 hours of learning and equate to 18 SCQF credit points |
| National 4 (SCQF level 4) |
National 4 courses were introduced in 2014 and courses require the attainment of a number of SQA quality assured internally assessed units, including an Added Value unit, in a particular subject and is notionally based on 240 hours of learning and equate to 24 SCQF credit points |
| Skills for Work (SCQF levels 3–6) |
Skills for Work courses involve a strong element of learning through involvement in practical activities which are directly related to a particular vocational area, and they develop knowledge and skills that are important to employment. The courses require the attainment of a number of SQA quality assured internally assessed units in a particular subject. |
| Awards (SCQF levels 1–7) |
SQA Awards recognise the life and work skills that candidates gain from activities they might already be taking part in at school, at college or elsewhere – such as sport, mentoring, voluntary work or fund-raising activities. In common with some other qualifications in SQA’s portfolio, they have been designed to recognise wider achievement. Awards require the attainment of a number of SQA quality assured internally assessed units in a particular subject. |
| National Certificates (SCQF levels 3–6) |
National Certificates are primarily aimed at 16- to 18-year-old candidates and adults in education, normally at a college. They offer candidates a full-time programme of vocational study. National Certificates require the attainment of a number of SQA quality assured internally assessed units in a particular subject. |
| National Progression Awards (SCQF levels 2–6) |
National Progression Awards are designed to develop and assess a defined set of skills and knowledge in specialist vocational areas. They are linked to National Occupational Standards – the basis of Scottish Vocational Qualifications. National Progression Awards require the attainment of a number of SQA quality assured internally assessed units in a particular subject. |
Headline figures
National 5
- There were 334,015 entries in 2025, an increase of 1.8% from 327,975 in 2024.
- A to C attainment was 78.5% in 2025 (77.3% in 2024; 78.9% in 2023; 81.6% in 2022; 85.8% in 2021; 89.0% in 2020; 78.3% in 2019).
- A attainment was 39.3% in 2025 (38.1% in 2024; 38.8% in 2023; 41.2% in 2022; 46.7% in 2021; 42.4% in 2020; 35.2% in 2019).
Higher
- There were 202,495 entries in 2025, an increase of 3.2% from 196,260 in 2024.
- A to C attainment was 76.1% in 2025 (75.1% in 2024; 77.4% in 2023; 80.3% in 2022; 87.3% in 2021; 89.3% in 2020; 74.9% in 2019).
- A attainment was 31.2% in 2025 (30.7% in 2024; 33.3% in 2023; 36.5% in 2022; 47.7% in 2021; 40.1% in 2020; 28.5% in 2019).
Advanced Higher
- There were 28,610 entries in 2025, an increase of 0.4% from 28,495 in 2024.
- A to C attainment was 76.9% in 2025 (75.5% in 2024; 80.2% in 2023; 82.6% in 2022; 90.2% in 2021; 93.1% in 2020; 79.6% in 2019).
- A attainment was 31.7% in 2025 (30.2% in 2024; 33.4% in 2023; 35.0% in 2022; 51.0% in 2021; 46.3% in 2020; 32.0% in 2019).
Scottish Baccalaureate
- There were 175 entries, with a total attainment rate of 66.5% (72.5% in 2024; 75.7% in 2023; 74.2% in 2022; 92.7% in 2021; 87.9% in 2020; 72.1% in 2019).
National 2 to National 4
- There were 3,000 National 2 entries, with an attainment rate of 80.0% (79.7% in 2024; 71.9% in 2023; 74.9% in 2022; 70.5% in 2021; 77.6% in 2020; 79.7% in 2019).
- There were 31,470 National 3 entries, with an attainment rate of 88.7% (87.1% in 2024; 86.1% in 2023; 86.5% in 2022; 88.6% in 2021; 92.9% in 2020; 89.0% in 2019).
- There were 131,855 National 4 entries, with an attainment rate of 87.5% (86.8% in 2024; 90.1% in 2023; 88.2% in 2022; 89.2% in 2021; 92.4% in 2020; 90.0% in 2019).
Skills for Work
- Total entries across all SCQF levels were 20,995, with an attainment rate of 87.7% (87.5% in 2024; 84.4% in 2023; 81.6% in 2022; 83.4% in 2021; 87.4% in 2020; 85.0% in 2019).
Entries in graded National Qualifications
In this release, entry figures for 2025 are presented with reference to the previous year (2024).
Qualification level breakdown
At National 5, there were 334,015 entries in 2025 (an increase of 1.8% from 327,975 in 2024).
At Higher, there were 202,495 entries in 2025 (an increase of 3.2% from 196,260 in 2024).
At Advanced Higher, there were 28,610 entries in 2025 (an increase of 0.4% from 28,495 in 2024).
| Level | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National 5 | 288,560 | 300,685 | 298,135 | 310,265 | 321,385 | 327,975 | 334,015 |
| Higher | 185,915 | 186,225 | 194,795 | 188,280 | 191,820 | 196,260 | 202,495 |
| Advanced Higher | 23,465 | 23,570 | 26,805 | 28,220 | 27,745 | 28,495 | 28,610 |
Subject breakdown
This section summarises entries for the five most popular (largest entry) subjects at each level. Entries data for the complete list of subjects is available in the data tables that accompany this release.
National 5
- In English, there were 50,655 entries in 2025, an increase of 1.5% from 49,925 in 2024.
- In Mathematics, there were 34,775 entries in 2025, a decrease of 5.0% from 36,600 in 2024.
- In Applications of Mathematics, there were 27,655 entries in 2025, an increase of 14.0% from 24,265 in 2024.
- In Biology, there were 22,095 entries in 2025, a decrease of 1.1% from 22,350 in 2024.
- In Physical Education, there were 21,330 entries in 2025, an increase of 4.8% from 20,350 in 2024.
National 5 graphs
| Subject | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Applications of Mathematics | 4,460 | 10,430 | 10,760 | 14,315 | 19,025 | 24,265 | 27,655 |
| Biology | 21,550 | 21,790 | 21,215 | 22,580 | 22,940 | 22,350 | 22,095 |
| English | 45,595 | 46,665 | 46,875 | 47,735 | 49,000 | 49,925 | 50,655 |
| Mathematics | 41,525 | 41,225 | 36,450 | 38,245 | 37,500 | 36,600 | 34,775 |
| Physical Education | 16,770 | 17,195 | 18,375 | 19,180 | 20,025 | 20,350 | 21,330 |
Higher
- In English, there were 37,135 entries in 2025, an increase of 2.3% from 36,300 in 2024.
- In Mathematics, there were 19,705 entries in 2025, an increase of 6.6% from 18,480 in 2024.
- In Physical Education, there were 12,660 entries in 2025, an increase of 8.5% from 11,665 in 2024.
- In Business Management, there were 10,190 entries in 2025, an increase of 7.1% from 9,515 in 2024.
- In Chemistry, there were 10,120 entries in 2025, an increase of 2.2% from 9,900 in 2024.
Higher graphs
| Subject | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Business Management | 8,320 | 8,175 | 8,780 | 8,965 | 8,710 | 9,515 | 10,190 |
| Chemistry | 10,045 | 10,040 | 9,845 | 9,570 | 9,685 | 9,900 | 10,120 |
| English | 35,460 | 36,370 | 36,560 | 34,045 | 35,520 | 36,300 | 37,135 |
| Mathematics | 18,595 | 19,145 | 19,405 | 18,020 | 18,705 | 18,480 | 19,705 |
| Physical Education | 9,895 | 10,645 | 11,810 | 11,850 | 11,485 | 11,665 | 12,660 |
Advanced Higher
- In Mathematics, there were 4,460 entries in 2025, an increase of 1.9% from 4,380 in 2024.
- In Biology, there were 3,125 entries in 2025, an increase of 4.2% from 3,000 in 2024.
- In English, there were 3,080 entries in 2025, an increase of 2.9% from 2,990 in 2024.
- In Chemistry, there were 2,765 entries in 2025, an increase of 0.8% from 2,745 in 2024.
- In Physics, there were 2,115 entries in 2025, a decrease of 6.1% from 2,255 in 2024.
Advanced Higher graphs
| Subject | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biology | 2,315 | 2,510 | 2,965 | 3,165 | 3,090 | 3,000 | 3,125 |
| Chemistry | 2,450 | 2,555 | 2,675 | 2,735 | 2,850 | 2,745 | 2,765 |
| English | 2,345 | 2,240 | 2,830 | 2,770 | 2,635 | 2,990 | 3,080 |
| Mathematics | 3,695 | 3,625 | 3,785 | 3,915 | 4,125 | 4,380 | 4,460 |
| Physics | 1,645 | 1,710 | 1,945 | 2,130 | 2,085 | 2,255 | 2,115 |
Sex breakdown
At National 5, there were 166,285 entries for female candidates in 2025 (an increase of 1.0% from 164,615 in 2024). There were 167,665 entries for male candidates (an increase of 2.7% from 163,300 in 2024).
At Higher, there were 109,100 entries for female candidates in 2025 (an increase of 2.8% from 106,110 in 2024). There were 93,355 entries for male candidates (an increase of 3.6% from 90,090 in 2024).
At Advanced Higher, there were 16,210 entries for female candidates in 2025 (an increase of 3.6% from 15,645 in 2024). There were 12,390 entries for male candidates (a decrease of 3.5% from 12,840 in 2024).
| Level | Sex | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National 5 | Female | 148,570 | 153,725 | 150,265 | 155,425 | 161,150 | 164,615 | 166,285 |
| National 5 | Male | 139,985 | 146,935 | 147,780 | 154,760 | 160,150 | 163,300 | 167,665 |
| Higher | Female | 104,005 | 103,830 | 106,735 | 101,140 | 103,010 | 106,110 | 109,100 |
| Higher | Male | 81,900 | 82,390 | 88,030 | 87,040 | 88,720 | 90,090 | 93,355 |
| Advanced Higher | Female | 13,180 | 13,210 | 15,160 | 15,570 | 15,330 | 15,645 | 16,210 |
| Advanced Higher | Male | 10,285 | 10,360 | 11,645 | 12,640 | 12,400 | 12,840 | 12,390 |
Centre type breakdown
The number of entries to National Qualifications across different centre types can be impacted by a range of factors. From 2019 to 2024 the majority of entries in graded National Qualifications were from education authority centres, and this continued to be the case in 2025.
At National 5, there were 312,490 entries for education authority centres in 2025 (an increase of 2.0% from 306,305 in 2024) and there were 18,975 entries for independent centres (a decrease of 0.6% from 19,095 in 2024). There were also 2,405 entries for further education (FE) colleges in 2025 (a decrease of 3.9% from 2,505 in 2024).
At Higher, there were 184,795 entries for education authority centres in 2025 (an increase of 3.5% from 178,575 in 2024) and there were 14,865 entries for independent centres (an increase of 0.6% from 14,775 in 2024). There were also 2,605 entries for further education (FE) colleges in 2025 (a decrease of 3.9% from 2,715 in 2024).
At Advanced Higher, there were 23,745 entries for education authority centres in 2025 (an increase of 1.6% from 23,365 in 2024) and there were 4,720 entries for independent centres (a decrease of 2.1% from 4,820 in 2024). There were also 135 entries for further education (FE) colleges in 2025 (an increase of 11.7% from 120 in 2024).
| Level | Centre type | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National 5 | Education Authority | 266,495 | 278,565 | 276,480 | 288,880 | 299,735 | 306,305 | 312,490 |
| National 5 | Independent | 18,300 | 18,370 | 18,830 | 19,015 | 19,180 | 19,095 | 18,975 |
| National 5 | FE College | 3,680 | 3,690 | 2,780 | 2,325 | 2,410 | 2,505 | 2,405 |
| Higher | Education Authority | 164,830 | 166,670 | 175,855 | 170,080 | 173,530 | 178,575 | 184,795 |
| Higher | Independent | 14,575 | 14,165 | 14,480 | 14,585 | 14,845 | 14,775 | 14,865 |
| Higher | FE College | 6,410 | 5,280 | 4,315 | 3,480 | 3,275 | 2,715 | 2,605 |
| Advanced Higher | Education Authority | 19,325 | 19,090 | 22,260 | 23,430 | 22,810 | 23,365 | 23,745 |
| Advanced Higher | Independent | 3,895 | 4,230 | 4,315 | 4,550 | 4,690 | 4,820 | 4,720 |
| Advanced Higher | FE College | 95 | 80 | 50 | 75 | 85 | 120 | 135 |
Attainment in graded National Qualifications
In this section, attainment statistics for 2025 are generally presented with reference to attainment in the previous year (2024) and to 2019 (the most recent year prior to the COVID-19 pandemic).
SQA external assessments did not take place in 2020 and 2021 due to disruption caused by the pandemic. Alternative approaches to assessment, relying on teacher judgement, were used to award grades and allow learners to progress. All visualisations of attainment in this report indicate this period using black dashed lines.
The different awarding arrangements in place between 2020 and 2023 mean that it is not possible to compare attainment across these years without full consideration of this essential contextual information.
The return of the national diet of exams in 2022 following the global pandemic included a range of measures to support learners. Because teaching and learning had been disrupted, some course assessments were modified by various methods, including removing coursework from courses. Many of these modifications continued into the 2023 diet in recognition of continued disruption to teaching and learning. Following discussions with learners, teachers, lecturers, parents, carers and others, there has been a return to full course assessment in 2024.
The percentage of entries that achieved an A grade and the percentage of entries that achieved A to C grades are referred to as ‘attainment rates’ throughout this section.
Qualification level breakdown
| Level | Grade(s) | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National 5 | A to C | 78.3% | 89.0% | 85.8% | 81.6% | 78.9% | 77.3% | 78.5% |
| National 5 | A | 35.2% | 42.4% | 46.7% | 41.2% | 38.8% | 38.1% | 39.3% |
| Higher | A to C | 74.9% | 89.3% | 87.3% | 80.3% | 77.4% | 75.1% | 76.1% |
| Higher | A | 28.5% | 40.1% | 47.7% | 36.5% | 33.3% | 30.7% | 31.2% |
| Advanced Higher | A to C | 79.6% | 93.1% | 90.2% | 82.6% | 80.2% | 75.5% | 76.9% |
| Advanced Higher | A | 32.0% | 46.3% | 51.0% | 35.0% | 33.4% | 30.2% | 31.7% |
National 5
The overall attainment rate at grades A to C for National 5 was 78.5% in 2025. This represents an increase of 1.1 percentage points from 77.3% in 2024 and an increase of 0.2 percentage points from 78.3% in 2019.
The overall attainment rate at grade A for National 5 was 39.3% in 2025. This represents an increase of 1.2 percentage points from 38.1% in 2024 and an increase of 4.2 percentage points from 35.2% in 2019.
Note: The period between 2020 and 2021 indicates that alternative approaches to assessment, relying on teacher judgement, were used to award grades and allow learners to progress.
Higher
The overall attainment rate at grades A to C for Higher was 76.1% in 2025. This represents an increase of 1.0 percentage points from 75.1% in 2024 and an increase of 1.2 percentage points from 74.9% in 2019.
The overall attainment rate at grade A for Higher was 31.2% in 2025. This represents an increase of 0.5 percentage points from 30.7% in 2024 and an increase of 2.7 percentage points from 28.5% in 2019.
Note: The period between 2020 and 2021 indicates that alternative approaches to assessment, relying on teacher judgement, were used to award grades and allow learners to progress.
Advanced Higher
The overall attainment rate at grades A to C for Advanced Higher was 76.9% in 2025. This represents an increase of 1.3 percentage points from 75.5% in 2024 and a decrease of 2.7 percentage points from 79.6% in 2019.
The overall attainment rate at grade A for Advanced Higher was 31.7% in 2025. This represents an increase of 1.4 percentage points from 30.2% in 2024 and a decrease of 0.3 percentage points from 32.0% in 2019.
Note: The period between 2020 and 2021 indicates that alternative approaches to assessment, relying on teacher judgement, were used to award grades and allow learners to progress.
Subject breakdown
In this section, attainment is summarised for the five most popular (largest entry) subjects at each level. Attainment data for the complete list of subjects is available in the data tables that accompany this release.
National 5
There were 34,775 entries for National 5 Mathematics in 2025 (a decrease of 5.0% from 36,600 in 2024). A total of 69.5% of grades were A to C, an increase of 1.2 percentage points from 68.2% in 2024 and an increase of 3.9 percentage points from 65.5% in 2019. 39.8% of grades were A, a decrease of 0.2 percentage points from 39.9% in 2024 and an increase of 8.9 percentage points from 30.9% in 2019.
There were 50,655 entries for National 5 English in 2025 (an increase of 1.5% from 49,925 in 2024). A total of 85.7% of grades were A to C, an increase of 1.3 percentage points from 84.4% in 2024 and a decrease of 0.7 percentage points from 86.4% in 2019. 40.8% of grades were A, an increase of 3.5 percentage points from 37.3% in 2024 and an increase of 5.4 percentage points from 35.4% in 2019.
Applications of Mathematics, Biology, and Physical Education were also large uptake subjects. Their A to C attainment rates increased in 2025, compared to 2024. Compared to 2019, the A to C attainment rates of both Applications of Mathematics and Physical Education increased, while Biology decreased.
The A attainment rates in 2025 for Applications of Mathematics, Biology and Physical Education increased compared to 2024. Compared to 2019, the A attainment rates increased for Applications of Mathematics and Physical Education in 2025 but decreased for Biology.
Note: Applications of Mathematics has shown an increase in entries year-on-year since 2019 (from 4,460 in 2019 to 27,655 in 2025).
National 5 graphs
Note: The period between 2020 and 2021 indicates that alternative approaches to assessment, relying on teacher judgement, were used to award grades and allow learners to progress.
| Subject | Grade(s) | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Applications of Mathematics | A to C | 58.6% | 75.3% | 64.0% | 65.3% | 62.0% | 59.5% | 62.3% |
| Biology | A to C | 70.6% | 83.4% | 75.8% | 72.3% | 73.0% | 64.6% | 65.7% |
| English | A to C | 86.4% | 91.4% | 91.0% | 88.3% | 86.4% | 84.4% | 85.7% |
| Mathematics | A to C | 65.5% | 79.2% | 73.0% | 70.3% | 62.5% | 68.2% | 69.5% |
| Physical Education | A to C | 94.0% | 97.8% | 97.2% | 96.2% | 95.2% | 94.9% | 96.0% |
| Applications of Mathematics | A | 23.8% | 28.9% | 22.7% | 25.0% | 25.3% | 25.7% | 29.2% |
| Biology | A | 29.5% | 35.3% | 36.5% | 32.7% | 34.3% | 28.1% | 28.8% |
| English | A | 35.4% | 39.5% | 47.6% | 42.3% | 40.2% | 37.3% | 40.8% |
| Mathematics | A | 30.9% | 36.8% | 37.8% | 37.2% | 28.5% | 39.9% | 39.8% |
| Physical Education | A | 46.0% | 59.9% | 62.5% | 54.8% | 54.8% | 47.9% | 48.1% |
Higher
There were 19,705 entries for Higher Mathematics in 2025 (an increase of 6.6% from 18,480 in 2024). A total of 74.0% of grades were A to C, an increase of 1.2 percentage points from 72.8% in 2024 and an increase of 1.6 percentage points from 72.4% in 2019. 41.5% of grades were A, an increase of 0.8 percentage points from 40.7% in 2024 and an increase of 8.5 percentage points from 32.9% in 2019.
There were 37,135 entries for Higher English in 2025 (an increase of 2.3% from 36,300 in 2024). A total of 73.9% of grades were A to C, a decrease of 1.1 percentage points from 74.9% in 2024 and an increase of 0.5 percentage points from 73.4% in 2019. 24.4% of grades were A, a decrease of 2.8 percentage points from 27.2% in 2024 and an increase of 1.0 percentage points from 23.4% in 2019.
For the other large-uptake subjects, Chemistry saw an increase in its A to C attainment rate compared to 2024, while the A to C attainment rates for both Business Management and Physical Education decreased. Compared to 2019, there was an increase in the A to C attainment rates for Business Management and Chemistry, while the A to C attainment rate for Physical Education decreased.
For Chemistry, the A attainment rate in 2025 increased when compared to both 2019 and 2024. For Business Management, the A attainment rate in 2025 decreased when compared to 2024, but increased when compared to 2019. For Physical Education, the A attainment rate in 2025 decreased when compared to both 2024 and 2019.
Higher graphs
Note: The period between 2020 and 2021 indicates that alternative approaches to assessment, relying on teacher judgement, were used to award grades and allow learners to progress.
| Subject | Grade(s) | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Business Management | A to C | 76.0% | 89.9% | 87.8% | 83.1% | 78.0% | 78.7% | 76.4% |
| Chemistry | A to C | 75.8% | 88.3% | 81.5% | 78.7% | 77.8% | 74.4% | 76.2% |
| English | A to C | 73.4% | 87.5% | 88.2% | 81.3% | 76.3% | 74.9% | 73.9% |
| Mathematics | A to C | 72.4% | 83.3% | 80.1% | 75.6% | 73.3% | 72.8% | 74.0% |
| Physical Education | A to C | 88.1% | 94.2% | 92.8% | 88.8% | 88.2% | 86.8% | 86.4% |
| Business Management | A | 31.5% | 39.0% | 50.1% | 45.1% | 37.9% | 35.6% | 34.9% |
| Chemistry | A | 30.0% | 40.9% | 43.4% | 35.4% | 32.9% | 29.9% | 32.1% |
| English | A | 23.4% | 31.8% | 42.2% | 31.1% | 27.7% | 27.2% | 24.4% |
| Mathematics | A | 32.9% | 40.6% | 47.1% | 46.0% | 39.0% | 40.7% | 41.5% |
| Physical Education | A | 27.6% | 38.8% | 45.2% | 32.3% | 33.2% | 27.7% | 24.8% |
Advanced Higher
There were 4,460 entries for Advanced Higher Mathematics in 2025 (an increase of 1.9% from 4,380 in 2024). A total of 72.4% of grades were A to C, an increase of 2.2 percentage points from 70.3% in 2024 and a decrease of 3.2 percentage points from 75.6% in 2019. 41.4% of grades were A, an increase of 2.2 percentage points from 39.2% in 2024 and an increase of 4.1 percentage points from 37.3% in 2019.
There were 3,080 entries for Advanced Higher English in 2025 (an increase of 2.9% from 2,990 in 2024). A total of 76.4% of grades were A to C, an increase of 5.0 percentage points from 71.3% in 2024 and a decrease of 2.4 percentage points from 78.8% in 2019. 20.7% of grades were A, an increase of 2.1 percentage points from 18.6% in 2024 and a decrease of 0.1 percentage points from 20.8% in 2019.
For the other large-uptake subjects, when compared to 2024, both Chemistry and Physics saw an increase in their A to C attainment rates in 2025, while there was a decrease in the A to C attainment rate for Biology. When compared to 2019, both the A and the A to C attainment rates for Biology, Chemistry, and Physics decreased. In 2025, the A attainment rates for Chemistry and Physics increased compared to 2024, while the A attainment rate for Biology decreased.
Advanced Higher graphs
Note: The period between 2020 and 2021 indicates that alternative approaches to assessment, relying on teacher judgement, were used to award grades and allow learners to progress.
| Subject | Grade(s) | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biology | A to C | 74.2% | 89.2% | 84.1% | 75.8% | 74.5% | 67.0% | 64.5% |
| Chemistry | A to C | 82.3% | 92.7% | 86.2% | 82.4% | 78.9% | 71.2% | 77.3% |
| English | A to C | 78.8% | 92.6% | 91.8% | 85.6% | 79.5% | 71.3% | 76.4% |
| Mathematics | A to C | 75.6% | 89.2% | 87.0% | 78.2% | 76.1% | 70.3% | 72.4% |
| Physics | A to C | 78.8% | 93.2% | 88.1% | 81.3% | 79.4% | 72.9% | 73.0% |
| Biology | A | 24.6% | 36.2% | 41.9% | 24.5% | 24.6% | 17.6% | 17.2% |
| Chemistry | A | 33.8% | 42.9% | 45.3% | 33.4% | 27.5% | 26.8% | 30.1% |
| English | A | 20.8% | 37.3% | 45.9% | 29.8% | 25.2% | 18.6% | 20.7% |
| Mathematics | A | 37.3% | 47.9% | 57.9% | 39.1% | 38.3% | 39.2% | 41.4% |
| Physics | A | 31.5% | 50.6% | 51.7% | 36.4% | 32.4% | 24.4% | 27.0% |
Sex breakdown
National 5
At grades A to C, the attainment rate increased for both female and male candidates in 2025 compared to 2024. 80.5% of female candidate grades at National 5 were A to C in 2025, an increase of 1.0 percentage points from 79.5% in 2024 and an increase of 0.2 percentage points from 80.3% in 2019. 76.4% of male candidate grades at National 5 were A to C in 2025, an increase of 1.2 percentage points from 75.2% in 2024 and an increase of 0.4 percentage points from 76.1% in 2019.
At grade A, the attainment rate increased for both female and male candidates in 2025 compared to 2024. 43.8% of female candidate grades at National 5 were A to C in 2025, an increase of 1.1 percentage points from 42.7% in 2024 and an increase of 4.6 percentage points from 39.3% in 2019. 34.9% of male candidate grades at National 5 were A to C in 2025, an increase of 1.4 percentage points from 33.5% in 2024 and an increase of 4.0 percentage points from 30.8% in 2019.
National 5 graphs
Note: The period between 2020 and 2021 indicates that alternative approaches to assessment, relying on teacher judgement, were used to award grades and allow learners to progress.
| Sex | Grade(s) | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | A to C | 80.3% | 90.4% | 87.2% | 83.3% | 80.7% | 79.5% | 80.5% |
| Male | A to C | 76.1% | 87.6% | 84.3% | 80.0% | 77.0% | 75.2% | 76.4% |
| Female | A | 39.3% | 46.4% | 51.5% | 45.2% | 42.6% | 42.7% | 43.8% |
| Male | A | 30.8% | 38.2% | 41.8% | 37.2% | 35.0% | 33.5% | 34.9% |
Higher
At grades A to C, the attainment rate increased for both female and male candidates in 2025 compared to 2024. 78.6% of female candidate grades at Higher were A to C in 2025, an increase of 0.7 percentage points from 78.0% in 2024 and an increase of 1.7 percentage points from 77.0% in 2019. 73.2% of male candidate grades at Higher were A to C in 2025, an increase of 1.4 percentage points from 71.8% in 2024 and an increase of 0.8 percentage points from 72.4% in 2019.
At grade A, the attainment rate increased for both female and male candidates in 2025 compared to 2024. 34.5% of female candidate grades at Higher were A to C in 2025, an increase of 0.9 percentage points from 33.7% in 2024 and an increase of 3.9 percentage points from 30.6% in 2019. 27.3% of male candidate grades at Higher were A to C in 2025, an increase of 0.1 percentage points from 27.2% in 2024 and an increase of 1.5 percentage points from 25.9% in 2019.
Higher graphs
| Sex | Grade(s) | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | A to C | 77.0% | 90.9% | 89.4% | 82.6% | 79.8% | 78.0% | 78.6% |
| Male | A to C | 72.4% | 87.2% | 84.8% | 77.8% | 74.6% | 71.8% | 73.2% |
| Female | A | 30.6% | 43.3% | 52.1% | 39.9% | 36.0% | 33.7% | 34.5% |
| Male | A | 25.9% | 36.0% | 42.2% | 32.6% | 30.2% | 27.2% | 27.3% |
Advanced Higher
At grades A to C, the attainment rate increased for both female and male candidates in 2025 compared to 2024. 79.4% of female candidate grades at Advanced Higher were A to C in 2025, an increase of 0.9 percentage points from 78.4% in 2024 and a decrease of 2.3 percentage points from 81.6% in 2019. 73.6% of male candidate grades at Advanced Higher were A to C in 2025, an increase of 1.6 percentage points from 72.0% in 2024 and a decrease of 3.4 percentage points from 77.0% in 2019.
At grade A, the attainment rate increased for both female and male candidates in 2025 compared to 2024. 32.0% of female candidate grades at Advanced Higher were A to C in 2025, an increase of 1.4 percentage points from 30.6% in 2024 and a decrease of 0.2 percentage points from 32.2% in 2019. 31.3% of male candidate grades at Advanced Higher were A to C in 2025, an increase of 1.5 percentage points from 29.9% in 2024 and a decrease of 0.4 percentage points from 31.7% in 2019.
Advanced Higher graphs
| Sex | Grade(s) | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | A to C | 81.6% | 94.4% | 92.2% | 85.2% | 82.7% | 78.4% | 79.4% |
| Male | A to C | 77.0% | 91.4% | 87.6% | 79.4% | 77.1% | 72.0% | 73.6% |
| Female | A | 32.2% | 47.6% | 53.2% | 36.0% | 34.3% | 30.6% | 32.0% |
| Male | A | 31.7% | 44.8% | 48.1% | 33.6% | 32.2% | 29.9% | 31.3% |
Centre type breakdown
Over time, attainment rates are higher for independent centres than education authority centres, and this continued to be the case in 2025.
FE colleges have relatively low uptake for graded National Qualifications. The range of subjects taken in FE colleges is also considerably narrower than the other centre types. For these reasons, overall attainment rates for FE colleges and the other centre types are not comparable.
National 5
In education authority centres, the A to C attainment rate was 77.6% in 2025, an increase of 1.2 percentage points from 76.3% in 2024 and an increase of 0.3 percentage points from 77.3% in 2019. At grade A, the attainment rate was 37.3% in education authority centres in 2025, an increase of 1.3 percentage points from 36.0% in 2024 and an increase of 4.4 percentage points from 33.0% in 2019.
In independent centres, the A to C attainment rate was 94.9% in 2025, an increase of 0.3 percentage points from 94.6% in 2024 and a decrease of 0.0 percentage points from 94.9% in 2019. At grade A, the attainment rate was 73.5% in independent centres in 2025, an increase of 0.7 percentage points from 72.8% in 2024 and an increase of 4.2 percentage points from 69.3% in 2019.
In FE colleges, the A to C attainment rate was 67.6% in 2025, a decrease of 3.1 percentage points from 70.6% in 2024 and a decrease of 0.2 percentage points from 67.8% in 2019. At grade A, the attainment rate was 27.7% in further education (FE) colleges in 2025, a decrease of 5.2 percentage points from 32.8% in 2024 and an increase of 2.5 percentage points from 25.2% in 2019.
| Centre type | Grade(s) | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Authority | A to C | 77.3% | 88.5% | 85.1% | 80.8% | 77.9% | 76.3% | 77.6% |
| Independent | A to C | 94.9% | 97.7% | 96.8% | 95.7% | 94.9% | 94.6% | 94.9% |
| FE College | A to C | 67.8% | 85.7% | 74.9% | 71.8% | 69.4% | 70.6% | 67.6% |
| Education Authority | A | 33.0% | 40.4% | 44.8% | 39.0% | 36.8% | 36.0% | 37.3% |
| Independent | A | 69.3% | 73.0% | 76.9% | 74.9% | 71.7% | 72.8% | 73.5% |
| FE College | A | 25.2% | 34.9% | 33.2% | 30.6% | 28.2% | 32.8% | 27.7% |
Higher
In education authority centres, the A to C attainment rate was 75.0% in 2025, an increase of 1.2 percentage points from 73.8% in 2024 and an increase of 1.0 percentage points from 74.1% in 2019. At grade A, the attainment rate was 29.1% in education authority centres in 2025, an increase of 0.7 percentage points from 28.5% in 2024 and an increase of 2.8 percentage points from 26.3% in 2019.
In independent centres, the A to C attainment rate was 92.1% in 2025, a decrease of 0.4 percentage points from 92.5% in 2024 and a decrease of 0.9 percentage points from 92.9% in 2019. At grade A, the attainment rate was 58.7% in independent centres in 2025, a decrease of 0.7 percentage points from 59.5% in 2024 and a decrease of 0.2 percentage points from 58.9% in 2019.
In FE colleges, the A to C attainment rate was 65.8% in 2025, an increase of 2.0 percentage points from 63.8% in 2024 and an increase of 9.0 percentage points from 56.7% in 2019. At grade A, the attainment rate was 23.9% in further education (FE) colleges in 2025, an increase of 0.9 percentage points from 23.0% in 2024 and an increase of 9.2 percentage points from 14.7% in 2019.
| Centre type | Grade(s) | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Authority | A to C | 74.1% | 88.8% | 86.7% | 79.4% | 76.2% | 73.8% | 75.0% |
| Independent | A to C | 92.9% | 97.7% | 97.2% | 94.0% | 93.3% | 92.5% | 92.1% |
| FE College | A to C | 56.7% | 81.7% | 79.1% | 67.2% | 66.8% | 63.8% | 65.8% |
| Education Authority | A | 26.3% | 38.1% | 45.6% | 34.5% | 31.0% | 28.5% | 29.1% |
| Independent | A | 58.9% | 67.2% | 75.5% | 63.9% | 61.6% | 59.5% | 58.7% |
| FE College | A | 14.7% | 28.7% | 37.7% | 20.9% | 23.5% | 23.0% | 23.9% |
Advanced Higher
In education authority centres, the A to C attainment rate was 74.0% in 2025, an increase of 1.6 percentage points from 72.5% in 2024 and a decrease of 3.0 percentage points from 77.1% in 2019. At grade A, the attainment rate was 27.1% in education authority centres in 2025, an increase of 1.2 percentage points from 25.8% in 2024 and a decrease of 0.4 percentage points from 27.4% in 2019.
In independent centres, the A to C attainment rate was 90.8% in 2025, an increase of 1.1 percentage points from 89.8% in 2024 and a decrease of 0.8 percentage points from 91.6% in 2019. At grade A, the attainment rate was 54.0% in independent centres in 2025, an increase of 3.4 percentage points from 50.7% in 2024 and an increase of 0.2 percentage points from 53.9% in 2019.
In FE colleges, the A to C attainment rate was 88.1% in 2025, an increase of 1.4 percentage points from 86.7% in 2024 and an increase of 6.0 percentage points from 82.1% in 2019. At grade A, the attainment rate was 63.4% in further education (FE) colleges in 2025, an increase of 5.9 percentage points from 57.5% in 2024 and an increase of 17.1 percentage points from 46.3% in 2019.
| Centre type | Grade(s) | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Authority | A to C | 77.1% | 92.0% | 88.8% | 80.5% | 77.6% | 72.5% | 74.0% |
| Independent | A to C | 91.6% | 97.9% | 96.9% | 93.0% | 92.8% | 89.8% | 90.8% |
| FE College | A to C | 82.1% | 88.5% | 96.0% | 89.5% | 84.3% | 86.7% | 88.1% |
| Education Authority | A | 27.4% | 41.7% | 46.8% | 30.7% | 28.8% | 25.8% | 27.1% |
| Independent | A | 53.9% | 66.8% | 72.3% | 56.5% | 55.1% | 50.7% | 54.0% |
| FE College | A | 46.3% | 51.3% | 74.0% | 57.9% | 51.8% | 57.5% | 63.4% |
Scottish Baccalaureate
Entries for the Scottish Baccalaureate remained small and stable in 2025. Attainment varies each year, which is to be expected given the small number of entries.
| Year | Entries | Number of Pass | Percentage of Pass | Number of Distinction | Percentage of Distinction |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 155 | 110 | 72.1% | 55 | 35.1% |
| 2020 | 150 | 130 | 87.9% | 85 | 57.0% |
| 2021 | 150 | 140 | 92.7% | 100 | 65.3% |
| 2022 | 165 | 120 | 74.2% | 80 | 47.9% |
| 2023 | 175 | 130 | 75.7% | 80 | 45.7% |
| 2024 | 140 | 100 | 72.5% | 60 | 42.0% |
| 2025 | 175 | 115 | 66.5% | 70 | 38.6% |
Ungraded National Courses
National 2 and National 3 courses are a flexible provision and are not necessarily completed in a single academic year by candidates. Consequently, the results are not directly comparable with other courses.
National 2, National 3, and National 4 courses are all ungraded. The attainment rate (referred to in the following tables as ‘Percentage Attained’) is based on entries which have resulted in a pass.
National 2
There were entries in 15 National 2 courses. Entries totalled 3,000 in 2025 with 2,400 attaining an award. The attainment rate was 80.0%.
| Year | Entries | Number Attained | Percentage Attained |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2,045 | 1,630 | 79.7% |
| 2020 | 1,990 | 1,545 | 77.6% |
| 2021 | 2,190 | 1,545 | 70.5% |
| 2022 | 2,365 | 1,770 | 74.9% |
| 2023 | 2,995 | 2,155 | 71.9% |
| 2024 | 2,770 | 2,210 | 79.7% |
| 2025 | 3,000 | 2,400 | 80.0% |
National 3
There were entries in 36 National 3 courses. Entries totalled 31,470 in 2025 with 27,905 attaining an award. The attainment rate was 88.7%.
| Year | Entries | Number Attained | Percentage Attained |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 19,285 | 17,155 | 89.0% |
| 2020 | 21,640 | 20,105 | 92.9% |
| 2021 | 20,910 | 18,535 | 88.6% |
| 2022 | 20,300 | 17,555 | 86.5% |
| 2023 | 22,420 | 19,305 | 86.1% |
| 2024 | 29,205 | 25,450 | 87.1% |
| 2025 | 31,470 | 27,905 | 88.7% |
National 4
There were entries in 47 National 4 courses. Entries totalled 131,855 in 2025 with 115,395 attaining an award. The attainment rate was 87.5%.
National 4 figures for 2019 include those awarded through the Recognising Positive Achievement (RPA) process. SQA treats National 4 attainment arising through course completion and through the RPA process as being equivalent. While the table below shows a total of 104,865 entries for 2019, this includes those entries arising through RPA. National 4 course entries within centres (excluding entries arising through RPA) were estimated, using certification data, to be 95,870.
| Year | Entries | Number Attained | Percentage Attained |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 108,000 | 97,220 | 90.0% |
| 2020 | 102,490 | 94,710 | 92.4% |
| 2021 | 103,660 | 92,490 | 89.2% |
| 2022 | 123,750 | 109,105 | 88.2% |
| 2023 | 135,870 | 122,405 | 90.1% |
| 2024 | 125,015 | 108,490 | 86.8% |
| 2025 | 131,855 | 115,395 | 87.5% |
Skills for Work
Skills for Work courses are a flexible provision and are not necessarily completed in a single academic year by candidates. Consequently, the results are not directly comparable with other courses.
As the courses are all ungraded, the attainment rate is based on entries which have resulted in a pass.
| Year | Entries | Number Attained | Percentage Attained |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 12,110 | 10,290 | 85.0% |
| 2020 | 14,465 | 12,640 | 87.4% |
| 2021 | 13,280 | 11,080 | 83.4% |
| 2022 | 14,255 | 11,635 | 81.6% |
| 2023 | 16,300 | 13,755 | 84.4% |
| 2024 | 17,550 | 15,350 | 87.5% |
| 2025 | 20,995 | 18,420 | 87.7% |
Awards, National Certificates and National Progression Awards
Overall, the combined attainment volume for Awards, National Certificates, and National Progression Awards is at the highest in 2025 over the period ranging from 2019 to 2025. Notable increases can be seen at SCQF levels 4, 5, 6 and 7 for Awards, and SCQF levels 4, 5 and 6 for National Progression Awards.
| SCQF Level | Qualification | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SCQF1 | Award | 460 | 405 | 155 | 245 | 310 | 360 | 435 |
| SCQF2 | Award | 1,070 | 950 | 750 | 695 | 565 | 1,075 | 935 |
| SCQF2 | National Progression Award | 80 | 90 | 85 | 60 | 105 | 115 | 70 |
| SCQF3 | Award | 4,845 | 4,445 | 3,825 | 3,835 | 3,225 | 4,045 | 4,310 |
| SCQF3 | National Certificate | 15 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 35 | 25 |
| SCQF3 | National Progression Award | 145 | 240 | 110 | 145 | 120 | 285 | 370 |
| SCQF4 | Award | 11,065 | 12,145 | 10,135 | 10,380 | 11,575 | 14,060 | 15,565 |
| SCQF4 | National Certificate | 295 | 210 | 200 | 120 | 105 | 170 | 110 |
| SCQF4 | National Progression Award | 5,005 | 4,865 | 4,305 | 5,295 | 5,835 | 6,290 | 6,805 |
| SCQF5 | Award | 5,425 | 8,335 | 7,435 | 9,835 | 11,760 | 14,935 | 18,435 |
| SCQF5 | National Certificate | 3,605 | 2,625 | 2,100 | 2,330 | 1,575 | 2,160 | 2,610 |
| SCQF5 | National Progression Award | 6,395 | 6,900 | 6,510 | 9,185 | 11,070 | 13,970 | 17,905 |
| SCQF6 | Award | 5,545 | 5,900 | 5,695 | 5,925 | 7,340 | 8,645 | 9,975 |
| SCQF6 | National Certificate | 5,715 | 4,940 | 4,255 | 3,990 | 2,415 | 3,980 | 4,635 |
| SCQF6 | National Progression Award | 4,310 | 7,020 | 7,855 | 8,430 | 9,455 | 12,970 | 16,135 |
| SCQF7 | Award | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 55 |
Background information
Attainment Statistics - December 2025 details the main qualifications taken at school and college level by candidates in Scotland: a mix of current National Courses (National 2 to National 5, Higher and Advanced Higher) as well as Skills for Work, Awards, National Progression Awards, and National Certificates.
In this release, attainment statistics for Awards, National Progression Awards and National Certificate qualifications detail the number of certificated entries between 1 August 2024 and 31 July 2025.
The purpose of National Courses, as well as Skills for Work, Awards, National Progression Awards and National Certifications, is to enable certification and recognition for the programmes of work that candidates undertake in the senior phase of secondary education and in colleges.
The broad objectives of National Courses are to provide high standards, and breadth and depth of learning for individual learners, usually assessed via national exams, coursework and/or internally assessed components.
Prior to 2020, the Scottish examination system had been in a period of change since the introduction of the Curriculum for Excellence (CfE). Revised National Qualification (RNQ) changes made to the assessment of National 5 courses in 2018, Higher courses in 2019 and Advanced Higher courses in 2020, meant units and unit assessments were removed and each course assessment was adjusted accordingly. In addition, grade D was extended from a notional 45–49% to a notional 40–49%.
In 2020, the Deputy First Minister directed SQA to issue grades, primarily on the basis of teacher estimates. Grades that had been adjusted upwards in an earlier moderation process were also retained.
In 2021, The Scottish Government commissioned SQA to develop an Alternative Certification Model (ACM 2021) for National 5, Higher and Advanced Higher. The model was based on teacher judgement, supported by assessment resources and quality assurance.
Throughout 2022, SQA worked with partners across the education sector (including teachers, lecturers, learners, parents and carers) to agree the wide-ranging package of support that was put in place to enable learners to demonstrate what they know, understand and can do, despite the disruption to learning caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. SQA implemented various modifications and revision support to reduce the assessment requirements for courses and increase learning and teaching time.
In 2023, awarding operated using the established procedure, as far as possible, in order to evaluate the performance of the course assessment, but with consideration given to the following factors:
- impact of the reducing legacy of disruption to teaching and learning caused by the pandemic
- impact of modifications to course assessment
- impact of the removal of revision support
Awarding decisions were therefore ‘sensitive’ to these factors, ensuring that grade boundary decisions recognised that performance continues to be impacted. This was informed by the full range of qualitative and quantitative data used during awarding, with additional data from 2021–22 on the impact of modifications.
In 2024, awarding used the well-established procedures to evaluate the performance of the course assessment and, where appropriate, considered the impact of changes to assessment brought about by the return to full course assessment for many courses. These changes to assessment included the removal of optionality in some question papers and the reintroduction of:
- coursework components (projects, assignments, dissertations)
- optional content into question papers
- course content examined in question papers
- an exam component
From 2025, SQA returned to well-established awarding procedures, in line with our Awarding and Grading for National Courses Policy, which is available on the background information webpage.
Users of these statistics should be mindful of the above information when comparing figures from different years.
Figures in this report are rounded to the nearest five. Percentages, percentage changes, and percentage point changes are calculated using figures prior to rounding, and rounded to one decimal place.
Additional background information relating to this release is available on the background information webpage.
All the figures in this statistical summary are available in the data tables that accompany this release.
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Date of publication: 9 December 2025
Contact name: Chris Boulter
Contact email: data.analytics@sqa.org.uk